Date Published:
2009

Publication Type:
Journal Article

Authors:

V. Yuferov
F. Ji
D.A. Nielsen
O. Levran
A. Ho
S. Morgello
R. Shi
J. Ott
M.J. Kreek

Secondary:
Neuropsychopharmacology: Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology

Volume:
34

Pagination:
1185-1197

URL:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

Keywords:
African Americans;Alcohol-Related Disorders;Brain;Cocaine-Related Disorders;Enkephalins;European Continental Ancestry Group;External;Gene Expression;Gene Frequency;Genetic Predisposition to Disease;Haplotypes;Humans;Polymorphism;Single Nucleo

Abstract:
<p>{Dynorphin peptides and the kappa-opioid receptor are important in the rewarding properties of cocaine, heroin, and alcohol. We tested polymorphisms of the prodynorphin gene (PDYN) for association with cocaine dependence and cocaine/alcohol codependence. We genotyped six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), located in the promoter region, exon 4 coding, and 3' untranslated region, in 106 Caucasians and 204 African Americans who were cocaine dependent, cocaine/alcohol codependent, or controls. In Caucasians, we found point-wise significant associations of 3'UTR SNPs (rs910080, rs910079, and rs2235749) with cocaine dependence and cocaine/alcohol codependence. These SNPs are in high linkage disequilibrium, comprising a haplotype block. The haplotype CCT was significantly experiment-wise associated with cocaine dependence and with combined cocaine dependence and cocaine/alcohol codependence (false discovery rate</p>