Date Published:
2019 Feb
Publication Type:
Journal Article
Authors:
Secondary:
Arch Virol
Volume:
164
Pagination:
473-482
Issue:
2
PMID:
30415390
URL:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30415390
Keywords:
Brain;CD4 Antigens;HIV Envelope Protein gp120;HIV Infections;HIV-1;Humans;Macrophages;Nervous System Diseases;Phylogeny;Receptors, CCR5;Receptors, Virus
Abstract:
<p>Macrophage (mac)-tropic human immnunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and simian immnunodeficiency virus (SIV) in brain are associated with neurological disease. Mac-tropic HIV-1 evolves enhanced CD4 interactions that enable macrophage infection via CD4, which is in low abundance. In contrast, mac-tropic SIV is associated with CD4-independent infection via direct CCR5 binding. Recently, mac-tropic simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) from macaque brain was also reported to infect cells via CCR5 without CD4. Since SHIV envelope proteins (Envs) are derived from HIV-1, we tested more than 100 HIV-1 clade B Envs for infection of CD4-negative, CCR5 Cf2Th/CCR5 cells. However, no infection was detected. Our data suggest that there are differences in the evolution of mac-tropism in SIV and SHIV compared to HIV-1 clade B due to enhanced interactions with CCR5 and CD4, respectively.</p>