Date Published:
03/2014
Publication Type:
Journal Article
Authors:
Secondary:
Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease
Volume:
4
Pagination:
61-70
Issue:
2
URL:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
Keywords:
Atherosclerosis;cerebrovascular;human immunodeficiency virus type 1;Infection;Inflammation;Internal;stroke
Abstract:
<p>An estimated 34 million men, women, and children are infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Current technology cannot eradicate HIV-1, and most patients with HIV-1-infection (HIV+) will require lifelong treatment with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). Stroke was recognized as a complication of HIV-1 infection since the early days of the epidemic. Potential causes of stroke in HIV-1 include opportunistic infections, tumors, atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, autoimmunity, coagulopathies, cardiovascular disease, and direct HIV-1 infection of the arterial wall. Ischemic stroke has emerged as a particularly significant neurological complication of HIV-1 and its treatment due to the aging of the HIV+ population, chronic HIV-1 infection, inflammation, and prolonged exposure to cART. New prevention and treatment strategies tailored to the needs of the HIV+ population are needed to address this issue.</p>