IL-16 expression in lymphocytes and microglia in HIV-1 encephalitis
Title | IL-16 expression in lymphocytes and microglia in HIV-1 encephalitis |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2004 |
Authors | Zhao, ML, Si, Q, Lee, SC |
Journal | Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology |
Volume | 30 |
Issue | 3 |
Pagination | 233-42 |
Date Published | 06/2004 |
Keywords | Cells, Chemical, Cultured, External, Interleukin-16, Lipopolysaccharides, Paraffin Embedding, Stimulation, T-Lymphocytes, Tissue Fixation |
Abstract | IL-16 is a natural ligand for the CD4 molecule and is known for its chemotactic and anti-HIV-1 activities. We determined IL-16 expression in human brain tissue with HIV-1 encephalitis by specific immunocytochemistry and showed that infiltrating lymphocytes and activated microglia express IL-16. IL-16 immunoreactivity was particularly pronounced in microglial nodules. In vitro, human foetal microglia and not astrocytes produce IL-16, and HIV-1 infection up-regulates microglial IL-16 release in a Nef-dependent manner. These results support the notion that, in the brain, IL-16 is a macrophage-lineage specific modulator of the inflammatory response and HIV-1 expression. Recruitment of IL-16+ T cells and microglia/macrophages may represent an innate response to HIV-1 infection in the central nervous system that counterbalances viral stimulatory factors. |
URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15175077 |